No. 3/2025
Work Safety and Environmental Protection in Mining
ISSN 3071-9127
Inspection of mining operations in the vicinity of mining area boundaries, pillars and protective belts
Marcin SKROBISZ
The article discusses the importance of monitoring mining area borders in open-pit mines and methods for identifying violations. Mining companies are required to adhere to mining area borders and protective zones that safeguard the terrain from the effects of exploitation. Possible ways to assess violations include satellite image analysis, field inspections, and precise geodetic measurements. Failure to comply with these regulations may lead to risks to health and life, as well as criminal liability under the Geological and Mining Law. Mining supervisory authorities take administrative actions that may result in halting operations and requiring environmental damage repairs..
Selection of fuse links used in mining plants as protection against the effects of short circuits and overloads in electrical installations with a rated voltage of up to 1 kV
Arkadiusz ADAMEK, Andrzej BAUEREK, Janusz STAWIARSKI
The applicable regulations regarding the operation of underground mining plants impose the obligation to select protection settings against the effects of short circuits and overloads in electrical power installations in accordance with the requirements of Polish Standards. The selection of protection settings against the effects of short circuits and overloads in power installations also applies to fuse links. In the article, the authors presented a comparative analysis of the requirements of the PN-G-*** group of mining standards regarding
electrical installations in underground mine workings, with the electrical standards: PN-EN 50628:2016 and PN-HD 60364-4-43:2024-04, which introduce European standards for use in Poland. Mining standards and electrical standards specify different requirements for the same issues. When designing electrical installations up to 1 kV in underground mine workings, a simpler solution is to use the PN-G-42042:1998 standard, which specifies the required minimum sensitivity coefficient of the fuse link, depending on the minimum short-circuit current and the rated current of the fuse link, confirming the correct selection of protection in the form of a fuse link as short-circuit protection. However, the use of sensitivity coefficient values in accordance with the PN-G-42042:1998 standard may not guarantee the disconnection of a short circuit in the protected zone within the time required by the PN-G-50003:2003 [3] and PN-EN 50628:2016 [4] standards within 0.1 s.
Development of climate hazards in underground mining plants in the context of legal regulations
Czesław KOCZYBA
The article cites regulations regulating climate hazards in underground mining plants in Poland. The main preventive measures aimed at minimizing climate threats are given. The evolution of this threat in the years 2001–2024 in hard coal mines and copper ore mines is graphically presented. The number of self-propelled mining machines with air conditioning for the closed operator's cabin and supply air conditioning operating in the KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Mining Plants was specified. It was indicated that working in underground mining plants in difficult microclimate conditions has an adverse effect on the health of employees.
Geological works performed for the needs of mining plant operations – exploration of the deposit and boundaries of the mining area in open-pit mines
Marcin BARADZIEJ
Bezpośredni wpływ na formalno-prawne aspekty prowadzenia robót geologicznych w odkrywkowych zakładach górniczych ma lokalizacja tych robót w odniesieniu do przestrzeni obszaru górniczego, która to przestrzeń winna zostać określona w sposób ścisły. W szczególności dotyczy to jednoznacznego określenia jej rzędnej głębokościowej. Granice obszaru górniczego determinują, że wykonywanie w nich robót geologicznych może być realizowane na potrzeby ruchu zakładu górniczego. Szczególnym przypadkiem wykonywania robót geologicznych jest rozpoznanie złoża wgłąb. W praktyce wiąże się to z poprowadzeniem otworu wiertniczego zarówno w granicach obszaru górniczego, jak i poza tą przestrzenią. Niespójność przepisów dotyczących wykonywania robót geologicznych w obszarach górniczych i poza nimi powoduje, że w zależności od miejsca wykonania, roboty te podlegają różnym reżimom prawnym. Powyższe wymaga w ocenie autora wprowadzenia zmian i uproszczeń.
Selected issues in the field of testing shaft and pit linings in underground mining plants
Adam GĄSIORCZYK, Józef KOHUT, Andrzej ŁUKAWSKI, Jerzy SCHINOHL
The publication presents the requirements set by the Geological and Mining Law, regulations and standards used in the testing and assessment of shaft and pit linings. Examples of shafts and small shafts with unusual shaft head cross-sections (other than circular) were provided, and a detailed discussion was given of the examination of the "Karolina" shaft lining, which was the subject of research by CBiD Sp. z o.o. from Lędziny in 2022 ("Expert opinion on the examination of the condition of the Karolina shaft lining TAURON Wydobycie S.A. Mining Plant "Sobieski" No. 13/O/2022"). In this case, simulation was performed using the modelling method, using the licensed RM-Win program from CADSIS, Opole. This program allows for modeling the structure of the barrel casing in accordance with its actual geometry, and in addition, the surroundings of the shaft tube are treated as an elastic substrate with a specific, calculable compliance.
An individual approach to assessing the condition of shaft linings in salt mines was also presented, based on the example of expertise for the Kinga and Daniłowicz shafts of the Wieliczka Salt Mine, which was one of the most difficult challenges undertaken by CBiD sp. z o.o. experts in the last 25 years. The above issue requires a more detailed discussion in a separate publication due to its extensive content.
Copper Personnel Training Center Ltd and Industry Skills Center for Ore Mining 4.0
Dagmara SOLATYCKA, Maria PASZKOWSKA
Dynamiczne zmiany technologiczne w przemyśle wydobywczym, a także rosnące wymagania w zakresie bezpieczeństwa pracy stawiają przed sektorem górnictwa nowe wyzwania edukacyjne. W odpowiedzi na nie w Polsce rozwijają się specjalistyczne ośrodki szkoleniowe w formule centrów doskonałości zawodowej (CoVEs), w tym Branżowe Centrum Umiejętności Górnictwa Rud 4.0 w Lubinie. Komunikat prezentuje wybrane rozwiązania dydaktyczne i technologiczne wdrożone w tej placówce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich znaczenia dla doskonalenia kompetencji zawodowych oraz kształtowania bezpiecznych zachowań w środowisku pracy górniczej.
Accidents, Disasters
Chronicle
Standardisation
Approvals for Use in Mining Plants
World Mining
Review of Legislation
80th anniversary of the establishment of the District Mining Office in Krosno
Wiesław PISULA, Tomasz PAWLIK
Digital Twin as a three-dimensional replica of the "Lech" shaft complex of the "Pokój" mine in Ruda Śląska
Krzysztof HERNER